SGLT2 Inhibitors

Editor's Note: This class of diabetes medications was not listed in NIH Publication No. 11-4222 October 2010, as they were not yet approved at that time.

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Brand Name	Generic Name	Approval Status
Forxiga (EU) Farxiga (US)	dapagliflozin	Approved in Europe, 2012 Approved in USA, 2014
Invokana	canagliflozin	Approved in USA, 2013
Jardiance	empagliflozin	Approved in Europe, 2014 Approved in USA, 2014

What does this medicine do?

SGLT2 Inhibitors (sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors) help keep your blood glucose from going too high. They work by blocking the reabsorption of glucose by the kidney, increasing glucose excretion, and lowering blood glucose levels in diabetics who have elevated blood glucose levels.

What are the possible side effects?

The most common side effects of SGLT2 Inhibitors are vaginal yeast infection (vulvovaginal candidiasis) and urinary tract infection. Because these drugs are associated with a diuretic effect, they can cause a reduction in intravascular volume leading to orthostatic or postural hypotension (a sudden fall in blood pressure when standing up). This may result in symptoms such as dizziness or fainting, which are most common in the first three months of therapy.

Where can I find more information?

See:

• FDA approves Invokana to treat type 2 diabetes
• The SGLT2 Inhibitors Are Coming!
• FDA approves Farxiga to treat type 2 diabetes
• FDA approves Jardiance to treat type 2 diabetes